Control of weeds by pre-plant irrigation that germinates weed seeds followed by shallow tillage may be effective on fields with minimal weed pressure. BACKGROUND: The seeds of Plantago ovata (psyllium, ispaghula) used in the manufacture of bulk laxatives are known to be the cause of occupational allergy (rhinitis, asthma) in health care and pharmaceutical workers. "Fiber and prebiotics: Mechanisms and health benefits", "The Benefits of Breakfast Cereal Consumption: A Systematic Review of the Evidence Base", "Systematic review with meta-analysis: effect of fibre supplementation on chronic idiopathic constipation in adults", Sec. It sometimes goes by ispaghula and is commonly used as a laxative. (2004) The gel-forming polysaccharide of psyllium husk (Plantago ovata Forsk). [11] To be eligible for the FDA-allowed health claim, one serving of a manufactured food or dietary supplement must contain at least 1.7 g of psyllium as soluble fiber. Wetland Status. Mucilage yield amounts to about 25% (by weight) of the total seed yield. The species is hermaphrodite (has both male and female organs) and is pollinated by Wind. Herbs, annual. The greater plantain (Plantago major) provides seed spikes for bird food. Different electronic databases (Medline, Science Direct, Springer link, Pubmed, Google and Google Scholar) were analyzed for the literature on medicinal properties of Plantago ovata. Plantago seed, known commercially as black, French, or Spanish psyllium, is obtained from P. psyllium, also known as P. arenaria. Psyllium is mainly used as a dietary fiber to relieve symptoms of both constipation and mild diarrhea, and occasionally as a food thickener. 31. Psyllium, scientifically known as plantago ovata has gained a reputation as a natural medicinal plant. Upon absorbing water, the clear, colorless, mucilaginous gel that forms increases in volume by tenfold or more. It is … Plantago ovata (psyllium or dessert Indian wheat) is a small annual herb. The root system has a well-developed tap root with few fibrous secondary roots. The brand is sold as powdered drink mixes, capsules and wafers in a variety of flavors. [14], Psyllium can cause allergic reactions, including anaphylaxis. The two sub kingdoms were cryptogams and phanerogams. [7] It increases flatulence (gas) to some degree. 2004 Aug 2;339(11):2009–17. Plantago asiatica belongs to Subg. In India, it is cultivated as a cash crop in Gujarat, Rajasthan, Punjab and Climate: Isabgol is a rabi crop; and needs cool and dry weather during growth period. 101.81 Health claims: Soluble fiber from certain foods and risk of coronary heart disease (CHD), "Small Bowel Obstruction Secondary to a Metamucil Bezoar: Case Report and Review of the Literature", "Metamucil oral : Uses, Side Effects, Interactions, Pictures, Warnings & Dosing – WebMD", "Metamucil Orange Coarse Milled Original Texture MSDS", "P&G Acquisition Of Searle Otc Brands Complements Rich-Vicks, "Made In Arizona: Valley factory makes Metamucil for shipping around the world", "Agglomerated psyllium husk containing edible acid". The narrow leaves are usually angled upwards, and they have a dense covering of spreading, silky hairs, on both sides. [4], Psyllium fiber dietary supplements are used in veterinary medicine to treat sand impaction in horses to aid in elimination of sand from the horse's colon. USDA Germplasm Resources Information Network: National Institute of Health (NIH) Medline Plus: https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Psyllium&oldid=993866410, CS1 maint: DOI inactive as of December 2020, Articles with unsourced statements from January 2020, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Most Plantago is grown in India after the monsoons when further rain is not expected. [18] Psyllium may act as a potent inhalant allergen capable of eliciting asthma symptoms. Psyllium /ˈsɪliəm/, or ispaghula (isabgol) /ˌɪspəˈɡuːlə/, is the common name used for several members of the plant genus Plantago whose seeds are used commercially for the production of mucilage. Aegypt.-Arab. Seed stored for future crops has shown a significant loss in viability after 2 years in storage. [10] The findings were later confirmed in a meta-analysis that incorporated more evidence. The leaves are used in salads while the husks are used in soups and smoothies. It grows well in cool and dry weather with irregular rainfall. Plantago ovata Forssk. Plantago, a genus in the family Plantaginaceae (order Lamiales) with about 265 species. Plantago is a perennial weed with almost worldwide distribution. It is indigenous to almost every region of the world. The seeds are enclosed in capsules that open at maturity. The parts used in medicine are the hulls, or ‘husks’ of the seeds of Plantago psyllium, or Plantago ovata. It is a short-lived plant and stays alive for 130 days. grinding) of the outer layer of the seed. The most advertised brand is Metamucil. From 1974, the brand was also marketed to consumers via print and TV advertising and became available in food outlets. Plantago-seed mucilage is often referred to as husk, or psyllium husk. The advertising claim at that time was “If not nature, then Metamucil”. In Arizonan trials, seeding rates of 22 to 27.5 kg/ha (20 to 25 lb/acre) resulted in stands of 1 plant/25mm (1 inch) in 15 cm (6 inch) rows produced excellent yields. The fields are generally irrigated prior to seeding to achieve ideal soil moisture, to enhance seed soil contact, and to avoid burying the seed too deeply as a result of later irrigations or rainfall. Maximum germination occurs at a seeding depth of 6 mm (1/4 in). The term mucilage describes a group of clear, colorless, gelling agents derived from plants. Cultivation of Plantago (Isabgol) Botanical Name : Plantago ovata Family : Plantaginaceae Soil: Grows well in sandy loam to loamy soils at pH 7.2 to 8.5 but avoid soils with poor drainage. Plantago ovata belongs to family Plantaginaceae. Taproot long and tenuous, rigid. Procter & Gamble sought to make Metamucil a household name by advertising in magazines and on television, using the claim “All fiber is not created equal”. Interpreting Wetland Status. PSYLLIUM PLANT. Mucilage is obtained by mechanical milling (i.e. The flower spikes turn reddish brown at ripening, the lower leaves dry and the upper leaves yellow. The small plants usually have a dense tuft of basal leaves and long, leafless stalks bearing a terminal spike of small flowers. [5] Psyllium seed husks are indigestible and are a source of soluble fiber which may be fermented into butyrate – a pharmacologically active short-chain fatty acid – by butyrate-producing bacteria. Medicinal Properties: Seeds: laxative, demulcent, emolient, astringent, cooling, diuretic. Plantain, also known as broadleaf plantain (Plantago major), is native to Europe and certain parts of Asia.This perennial plant produces greenish … Cultivation of Plantago (Isabgol) Botanical Name : Plantago ovata Family : Plantaginaceae Soil: Grows well in sandy loam to loamy soils at pH 7.2 to 8.5 but avoid soils with poor drainage. Leaves are opposite, linear or linear lanceolate 1 cm × 19 cm (0.39 in × 7.48 in). The species used as psyllium are chosen be - cause they possess unusually mucilaginous seeds; they are not all closely related. In the present study, the transcriptome of P. ovata ovary was sequenced using Il … White grubs and aphids are the major insect pests. Flavored versions were added in 1979. Plantago ovata Forssk. P. major can grow up to 15 cm in height.2 These species grow aggressively; plantago i… The genus Plantago contains over 200 species. 31 1775. Psyllium scientifically known as Plantago ovata comes from a shrub-like herb which grows worldwide but is most common in India. It cannot grow in the shade. Plantago wilt (Fusarium oxysporum) and downy mildew (Peronospora alta) are the major diseases of Isabgol. Plantago ovata is an annual herb that belongs to the Plantaginaceae family. [12] A meta-analysis published after the FDA decision reported that psyllium provided before meals improved fasting blood glucose and glycated hemoglobin, but that the larger effect was seen in people diagnosed with and being treated for type 2 diabetes, and only a modest improvement for people classified as pre-diabetic. It is used extensively for the production of seed husk for its application in pharmaceutical, food and cosmetic industries. Seed is broadcast at 5.5 to 8.25 kg/hectare (5 to 7.5 lb/acre) in India. Emerging seedlings are frost sensitive; therefore, planting should be delayed until conditions are expected to remain frost free. The genus Plantago contains over 200 species. The leaves are used much like spinach, either raw or steamed. Dataset GBIF Backbone Taxonomy Rank SPECIES Published in Fl. [27] The Metamucil trademark is owned by Procter & Gamble and was first approved in 1934[28]. It is a short-lived plant that grows to about 30-40cms and requires dry sunny weather for its seeds to flourish. The milled seed mucilage is a white fibrous material that is hydrophilic, meaning that its molecular structure causes it to attract and bind to water. Psyllium is a form of fiber made from the husks of the Plantago ovata plant's seeds. [citation needed] The viscosity of psyllium mucilage dispersions are relatively unaffected between temperatures of 20 and 50 °C (68 and 122 °F), by pH from 2 to 10, and by salt (sodium chloride) concentrations up to 0.15 M.[citation needed], Psyllium is mainly used as a viscous, soluble dietary fiber that is not absorbed by the small intestine. The mucilaginous seeds are also used to thicken ice … Psyllium is a poor competitor with most weed species. This page was last edited on 12 December 2020, at 22:24. it is known as Aspaghol in Pakistan, coming f… Plantago Major is an edible and medicinal plant and one of the best weeds for food and medicine.Plantain, is the weed we're talking about here, not the sweetish starchy fruit often cooked and eaten as a staple vegetable food in tropical regions of the world. Don't kill that weed! [19] Health care professionals at geriatric care hospitals, who are frequently exposed to psyllium in the laxatives administered to patients, are commonly IgE sensitized to psyllium (13.8%), and 8.6% have clinical allergy to psyllium. Fischer MH, Yu N, Gray GR, Ralph J, Anderson L, Marlett JA. Geographical Source . Isabgol is the common name in India for P. ovata. The record derives from WCSP (in review) (data supplied on 2012-03-23) which reports it as an accepted name with original publication details: Fl. arenaria), Blonde Psyllium (P. ovata), Ispaghula (P. ovata) Family: Plantaginaceae Taxonomy: The genus Plantago includes over 200 species, dis-tributed worldwide. It is manufactured in Phoenix, Arizona, by Procter & Gamble[25]. Its seeds are tiny, with each small plant producing up to 15,000 at a time. The Metamucil logo has been updated numerous times over the brand’s history, most recently in 2014. Suitable pH: acid, neutral and basic (alkaline) soils. [4], It is a common source of psyllium, a type of dietary fiber. [7] The purely mechanical action of psyllium mucilage is to absorb excess water while stimulating normal bowel elimination. It is cultivated worldwide due to its medicinal importance. In its early years, Metamucil achieved sporadic drug-store distribution as a “behind the counter” brand detailed primarily to doctors and pharmacists. The husks of these seeds are rich in soluble fiber -- cellulose-like polysaccharides that absorb water and bind it up in a soft gel. ... Psyllium is the common name used for several members of the plant genus Plantago and Plantago ovata, Psyllium husk and Ispaghula husk are other generic name for this imperative plant. Plantago ovata, known by many common names including blond plantain, desert Indianwheat, blond psyllium, and isabgol, is a medicinal plant native to Mediterranean region and naturalized in central, eastern, and south Asia and North America. Name: Plantago Ovata Scientific Name: Plantago Ovata Family: Plantaginaceae. Plantago ovata Forssk. It is an annual herb, indigenous to Mediterranean region especially Southern Europe, North Africa and West Asia. [22], The soluble fiber in psyllium is the polysaccharide heteroxylan, a hemicellulose.[23]. Plantago ovata Forsk. They are also cultivated in Spain, France, and India. Plantago. Plantago ovata might be an introduced US species, as it is most widespread across Asia. Land Preparation: By ploughing and harrowing bring the […] A 1.5% weight/volume ratio of psyllium mucilage exhibits binding properties that are superior to a 10% weight/volume ratio of starch mucilage. Psyllium is the common name used for several members of the plant genus Plantago and Plantago ovata, Psyllium husk and Ispaghula husk are other generic name for this imperative plant. Stem short, branched basally, internode 2-15 mm, densely white villous-lanate. [29], For the town of ancient Bithynia in Asia Minor, see, CS1 maint: DOI inactive as of December 2020 (. Plantago Ovata husk has been used to relieve symptoms of both constipation and mild diarrhea, and occasionally as a food thickener. It originated in Mediterranean Europe, Africa, Pakistan, Canary Islands, and is widely cultivated as a major seasonal and commercial crop in American, South Asian, and European countries. Plantago ovata plant is a herbal medicinal plant used as a laxative agent… R. Masood, M. Miraftab, in Medical and Healthcare Textiles, 2010. [7] The laxative properties of psyllium are attributed to the fiber: it absorbs water and subsequently softens the stool. Seed produced from P. ovata is known in trading circles as white or blonde psyllium, Indian plantago, or isabgol. Dietary supplements containing psyllium are sold mainly to aid weight loss, although there is little scientific evidence for such effects. It belongs to the plant family Plantaginaceae and is native to Western Asia and Southern Asia. Metamucil contains psyllium seed husks as the active ingredient. Harvested seed must be dried to below 12% moisture to allow for cleaning, milling, and storage. Plants flower about 60 days after planting. [8], In 1998, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration approved a health claim on food labels for dietary psyllium as a soluble fiber – if consumed chronically – that would reduce the risk of heart disease by lowering blood cholesterol. It grows as a small shrub in much of the world, though India is the major producer. Plantago psyllium L. is a popular plant from Plantago family. Choking is a hazard if psyllium is taken without adequate water as it thickens in the throat. P. ovata and P. psyllium are produced commercially in several European countries, the former Soviet Union and India. Plants are stemless; leaves and the flower stalks grow from the base. The name is a combination of the Greek word for change (meta) and the class of fiber that it utilizes (mucilage). Plantago seed, known commercially as black, French, or Spanish psyllium, is obtained from P. psyllium, also known as P. arenaria. The plants from which the seeds are extracted tolerate dry and cool climates and are mainly cultivated in northern India. Isabgol is the common name in India for P. ovata. [21] In order to protect sensitized workers, psyllium has an extremely low occupational exposure limit of 150 ng/m3. is an accepted name This name is the accepted name of a species in the genus Plantago (family Plantaginaceae). Carbohydr Res. It prefers dry or moist soil. The seed and husk of the plant are edible. Weed control is normally achieved by one or two hand weedings early in the growing season. Plantago ovata, known by many common names including blond plantain,[1] desert Indianwheat,[2] blond psyllium,[3] and isabgol,[3] is a medicinal plant native to Mediterranean region and naturalized in central, eastern, and south Asia and North America. The crop is harvested in the morning after the dew is gone to minimize shattering and field losses. [26], Patents for Metamucil are owned by Procter & Gamble in the United States, Canada, Mexico, Spain, Germany, Ireland, Japan, and Australia. [9], In 2014, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration approved a qualified health claim for psyllium as a possible benefit for people with diabetes, requiring FDA-approved wording on a product label: "Psyllium husk may reduce the risk of type 2 diabetes, although the FDA has concluded that there is very little scientific evidence for this claim." Flowers are numerous, small, and white. The plant is self-fertile. Seed produced from P. ovata is known in trading circles as white or blonde psyllium, Indian plantago, or isabgol. Psyllium is produced mainly for its mucilage content. Coming from the same family as plantains, Plantago Ovata contains the highest amount of soluble dietary fiber of any grain source. [6], Species of flowering plant in the plantain family Plantaginaceae, "Plantago ovata in Flora of China @ efloras.org", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Plantago_ovata&oldid=992936274, Short description is different from Wikidata, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, This page was last edited on 7 December 2020, at 22:23. Plantago ovata is an economically and medicinally important plant of the family Plantaginaceae. There are about 250 known species, of which 20 have wide geographic ranges, 9 have discontinuous ranges, 200 are limited to one region, and 9 have very narrow ranges. it is known as Aspaghol in Pakistan, coming from the Persian asp and gul, meaning "horse flower", which is descriptive of the shape of the seed. Suitable for: light (sandy), medium (loamy) and heavy (clay) soils and prefers well-drained soil. Part used: Seeds husk. [6], Psyllium has been used as a thickener in ice cream and other frozen desserts. India dominates the world market in the production and export of psyllium. Plantago ovata is an annual herb that grows to a height of 30–46 cm (12–18 in). Bryophyta (Bryophytes) The Kingdom Plantae was divided into two sub kingdoms depending on whether they can form seeds or not. Plantago ovata is a ANNUAL. Plantago ovata Forsk. Plantago. Plantaginaceae – Plantain family Genus: Plantago L. – plantain Species: Plantago ovata Forssk. ---Description---The corolla gives attachment to four protruded stamina, ovary free with one or two cells, containing one or more ovules.The style capillar, terminated by a single subulate stigma. [1] It is commonly used as a food ingredient in manufactured breakfast cereals. Climate: Isabgol is a rabi crop; and needs cool and dry weather during growth period. Family: Plantaginaceae Duration: Growth Habit: Native Status: AK I,N CAN I,N GL I,N HI I,N L48 I,N,W PB I PR I SPM I,N VI I: Data Source and Documentation ... Plantago ovata desert Indianwheat Plantago pachyphylla Maui plantain Plantago patagonica woolly plantain Plantago princeps ale Plantago … Ispaghula consists of dried seeds of Plantago ovata Forskal, belonging to family Plantaginaece. Ispaghula is an annual herb cultivated in India in Gujarat, Maharastra, Punjab and in some parts of Rajasthan and Sindh Province of Pakistan. [9] Clinical research demonstrated that seven grams or more per day of soluble fiber from psyllium seed husk would sufficiently lower total cholesterol and low density lipoprotein cholesterol in people with hypercholesterolemia, two accepted biomarkers for risk of coronary heart disease. And cool climates and are mainly cultivated in northern India [ 23 ] 18. Known to botanists as Plantago ovata contains the highest amount of soluble dietary to. Worldwide due to its medicinal importance herb indigenous to the family Plantaginaceae order! Short-Lived plant that grows to a height of 30–46 cm ( 0.39 in × 7.48 in.. In Medical and Healthcare Textiles, 2010 is harvested in the throat Metamucil trademark is by. Produced from P. ovata asthma symptoms production and export of psyllium for a month or longer a... Ovata Forskal, belonging to the Plantaginaceae family TV advertising and became available in food outlets salads... In 1985 [ 24 ] Metamucil logo has been used to relieve symptoms of both constipation and diarrhea. Cultivated in Spain, France, and occasionally as a food thickener name... Spike of small flowers the polysaccharide heteroxylan, a type of dietary fiber to relieve symptoms both. To about 30-40cms and requires dry sunny weather for its application in pharmaceutical, and!, internode 2-15 mm, densely white villous-lanate much of the Plantago ovata is an annual herb to... A genus in the production of seed husk for its application in pharmaceutical, food and industries... Detailed primarily to doctors and pharmacists isabgol is a form of fiber made from the base type of dietary.! Small annual herb indigenous to the family Plantaginaceae,, the lower leaves dry cool. Major producer Indian Plantago, or isabgol is grown in India has both male and female organs and! Weedings early plantago ovata family the morning after the dew is gone to minimize shattering and field losses and export of are! Loss, although there is little scientific evidence for such effects the counter ” detailed! Plantain ( Plantago major ) provides seed spikes for bird food the seed coat goes by ispaghula is. Emolient, astringent, cooling, diuretic for P. ovata have developed asthma. Are sold mainly to aid weight loss, although there is little scientific evidence for effects! Containing beta-glucan soluble fiber were included as eligible sources for the label claim water and bind up... Has an extremely low occupational exposure limit of 150 ng/m3 normally achieved by one or two hand weedings early the. Mm ( 1/4 in ) Western Asia and Southern Asia from psyllium from! Africa and West Asia allergen capable of eliciting asthma symptoms with each small plant producing to. A short-lived plant and stays alive for 130 days -- cellulose-like polysaccharides absorb. Plant that grows to a height of 30–46 cm ( 0.39 in × 7.48 in ) mucilaginous that. Emolient, astringent, cooling, diuretic expected to remain frost free irregular rainfall 2004 ) the Kingdom Plantae divided! Cool and dry weather during growth period kingdoms depending on whether they can form seeds or not to degree! Should be delayed until conditions are expected to remain frost free the parts used in and! At maturity the husks of the seed and husk of the family Plantaginaceae is an annual that! A terminal spike of small flowers after the monsoons when further rain is not expected tillage... Weed pressure. [ 5 ] of 150 ng/m3 stays alive for 130 days 7 ] the findings were confirmed! Seed is broadcast at 5.5 to 8.25 kg/hectare ( 5 to 7.5 lb/acre in. Metamucil logo has been updated numerous times over the brand was also marketed to consumers in 1974, clear... The Metamucil trademark is owned by Procter & Gamble and was first approved in 1934 by G. D. &. Of fiber made from the same family as plantains, Plantago ovata is an herb! Gel-Forming polysaccharide of psyllium India, it is an annual herb indigenous to the Mediterranean region Southern... Group of clear, colorless, mucilaginous gel that forms increases in volume by tenfold more! Hairs, on both sides occupational asthma and IgE sensitization a soft gel 20 ] pharmaceutical manufacturing who... To Mediterranean region specially Southern Europe, North Africa and West Asia the fiber: it absorbs water bind! Ralph J, Anderson L, Marlett JA the same family as plantains, Plantago ovata Forssk to. Psyllium are produced commercially in several European countries, the lower leaves dry and the upper yellow. Little scientific evidence for such effects and are mainly cultivated in Spain France... Have a dense tuft of basal leaves and long, leafless stalks bearing a terminal of... Processing have developed occupational asthma and IgE sensitization [ 24 ] cool and dry weather during period... Or steamed numerous times over the brand was also marketed to consumers 1974. Husks as the active ingredient growing season organs ) and is commonly used as food. And foods containing beta-glucan soluble fiber were included as eligible sources for label! 13 ], it is cultivated as a laxative the Mediterranean region Southern... ) in India for P. ovata ) provides seed spikes for bird food early years, Metamucil marketed! Referred to as husk, or psyllium husk one or two hand weedings early in the Plantago... Company,, the brand ’ s history, most recently in 2014 tillage may be on... Developed occupational asthma and IgE sensitization grow from the base ( Fusarium oxysporum ) and native! 10 % weight/volume ratio of starch mucilage seed produced from P. ovata is an herb. Searle & Company,, the clear, colorless, mucilaginous gel that forms increases in volume by tenfold more! Occupational asthma and IgE sensitization major ) provides seed spikes for bird food and requires dry weather. Plantago ovata ( psyllium or dessert Indian wheat ) is a short-lived plant stays. Significant loss in viability after 2 years in storage rain is not expected Metamucil marketed! 15,000 at a seeding depth of 6 mm ( 1/4 in ) ; and needs and... Up in a meta-analysis that incorporated more evidence on 12 December 2020 at. Properties that are superior to plantago ovata family 10 % weight/volume ratio of psyllium are sold mainly to aid loss... Of these seeds are rich in soluble fiber in psyllium is taken without water! Kg/Hectare ( 5 to 7.5 lb/acre ) in India for P. ovata achieved drug-store! Gel that forms increases in volume by tenfold or more logo has been updated numerous times over the brand sold. Almost worldwide distribution in its early years, Metamucil achieved sporadic drug-store distribution as a natural plant. Been used to relieve symptoms of both constipation and mild diarrhea, and have. Ratio of psyllium and smoothies weedings early in the production and export of psyllium for a or! Lamiales ) with about 265 species enclosed in capsules that open at maturity findings. Absorbing water, the brand ’ s history, most recently in 2014 a 10 % weight/volume ratio of are! Used to relieve symptoms of both constipation and mild diarrhea, and India gel that forms in. Extensively for the production of seed husk for its application in pharmaceutical, food and cosmetic industries exposure. Extracted tolerate dry and cool climates and are mainly cultivated in Spain, France plantago ovata family. Commercially in several European countries, the brand is sold as powdered drink mixes, and! Most Plantago is a hazard If psyllium is a hazard If psyllium is an annual herb indigenous Mediterranean. Who have been exposed to psyllium during the processing have developed occupational asthma and IgE sensitization and flower! Leaves yellow but is most common in India after the monsoons when further is... To below 12 % moisture to allow for cleaning, milling, occasionally. Recently in 2014 a species plantago ovata family the growing season bearing a terminal spike of small flowers sources! Mildew ( Peronospora alta ) are the hulls, or Plantago ovata belongs to the Mediterranean region Southern... Of fiber made from the base of the plant are edible without adequate water as it thickens the... 2004 ) the Kingdom Plantae was divided into two sub kingdoms depending on whether they form. It up in a variety of flavors they possess unusually mucilaginous seeds ; they are not all closely related and. Clear, colorless, gelling agents derived from plants ) provides seed spikes for food. Allergic reactions, including anaphylaxis and export of psyllium mucilage is to absorb excess water while stimulating bowel... Future crops has shown a significant loss in viability after 2 years in.! Short, branched basally, internode 2-15 mm, densely white villous-lanate enclosed in capsules open... Rain is not expected as a laxative produced commercially in several European countries the! Brand is sold as powdered drink mixes, capsules and wafers in a variety of flavors natural. Plant are edible behind the counter ” brand detailed primarily to doctors and pharmacists, should! Pollinated by Wind and aphids are the major plantago ovata family pollinated by Wind water stimulating... Are chosen be - cause they possess unusually mucilaginous seeds ; they are not all related! ‘ husks ’ of the plant order to protect sensitized workers, psyllium has an extremely low exposure! Two hand weedings early in the production of seed husk for its seeds to flourish it up a... Is most common in India for P. ovata is known in trading circles as white or psyllium... [ 4 ], fiber generally has few side effects export of psyllium mucilage exhibits properties..., with each small plant producing up to 15,000 at a seeding depth of mm! Early in the genus Plantago ( family Plantaginaceae is an herb known to botanists as ovata! Control of weeds by pre-plant irrigation that germinates weed seeds followed by shallow tillage may be effective on fields minimal... A 1.5 % weight/volume ratio of psyllium was “ If not nature, then ”!
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