Range: 680 NM Earlier models came with only one pump on the left engine to operate landing gear and flaps. Single-engine performance is on par with other light twins; that is, it’s pathetic. Everything else is pretty normal. Approved for Aztec, Apache & Geronimo aircraft, this one-piece design eliminates cockpit display clutter and is shock-mounted to isolate full panel. Fuel capacity of 140 gallons usable was upped to 184 with tip tanks before we purchased the plane. Another change in the F model was incorporation of a flap-stabilator interconnect to reduce the pitch-up tendency. There’s also a CO2 bottle to blow the gear down if the emergency pump doesn’t work. The most recent, 2009-13-06, applies to all models with a nose baggage compartment and requires inspection and replacement of door and latch components following fatal accidents resulting from a door coming open in flight. I guess technically all three designations are correct with the official FAA designation for this aircraft being the Piper PA-23. Published single-engine rates of climb vary from 180 FPM for the Apache 160 to 240 FPM for the Apache 150 and naturally aspirated Aztecs. Max Weight: 5,200 pounds The more I got to know the Aztec, the more I liked it. Max gross weight was 4800 pounds. Pre-1971 Aztecs tend to thwart the pilot’s best attempts at trimming and roam a bit in altitude. The big-engined Piper Apache ⦠In 1960, only 141 Apaches rolled off the line, compared with 363 Aztecs. Piper Aztec B (Apache) In 1961, in partnership with Sonderjyllands Flyselskab (later to become Climber Air), Legoâs chief pilot, Hans Eric Christiansen, took delivery of a larger aircraft, a Piper Apache, and Godtfred built his own âairportâ: a wood hangar and an 800 meter grass airfield directly north of the factory in Billund. If the left engine goes kaput, there’s a hand pump underneath the control console that requires 30 to 50 strokes to get the gear up or down, a significant challenge during a real emergency. In naturally aspirated B through F models, any load above 4400 pounds must be fuel. The 1952 prototype PA-23 was a twin-tail design with two 125 hp Lycoming O-290-D piston engines and a fuselage composed of steel tubing covered in fabric. Maintenance is not user-friendly. I replaced it with a Cessna 210. What defines what is an Apache from an Aztec is the dash after PA 23. The Piper Apache models need less than 1100 feet to get in or out over a 50-foot obstacle, although the published Vx is very near Vmc. Owners of 150- and 160-HP Apaches report 135 to 145 knots on 16 GPH at 75 percent power. If you need the useful load of an Aztec then it is the clear winner. In 1959, 368 Apaches were built. WORLD'S PREMIER INDEPENDENT AVIATION NEWS RESOURCE. When getting on the brakes after landing, if you lower the nose as you would a 310 or Baron, you’ll just slide the tires because the wing is lifting and there’s no weight on the mains. The first was the upgrade to the engines; 160 hp O-320-B engines were added to the Apache and designated the Apache E. This aircraft would undergo some other small modifications, including a slight increase to the cabin length and replacing the O-320-B engines with the O-320-B2B; this final designation was the PA-23-160 Apache H. The second event was the introduction of the Piper Aztec PA-23-250. My wife, starting with 100 hours of SEL time, earned her multi-engine and instrument ratings in the Aztec so our flying is almost always two pilots swapping legs. Aztecs and Apaches were mostly indistinguishable from a distance. During the run of the Aztec C, the engine TBO went from 1200 to 2000 hours, a benefit retrofittable to the older engines with the installation of half-inch exhaust valves. Example, a PA 23-150 is a Apache with 150 HP engines, a PA 23-160 is a Apache with 160 HP engines. Parts availability for some airframe parts can be a challenge, but the vast majority of consumable parts are readily available. Horsepower: 160 Gross Weight: 3800 lbs Top Speed: 159 kts Empty Weight: 2230 lbs Cruise Speed: 150 kts Fuel Capacity: 72 gal Stall Speed (dirty): 53 kts Range: 616 nm Takeoff: Landing: Ground Roll: 1190 ft Ground Roll 750 ft: Over 50 ft obstacle: 1550 ft Over 50 ft obstacle: 1360 ft Rate Of Climb: 1260 fpm Rate of Climb (One ⦠We have consistently been informed that a good experience in owning an Apache or Aztec depends on having a thorough pre-purchase inspection and good initial and recurrent training. The first really big change came about in 1962, when Piper introduced the Aztec ⦠Pilots flying this modification have reported an increased useful load, better climb performance, increased cruise speed, lower fuel burn at cruise, and safer single-engine characteristics. The last versions, the Piper Aztec series, by contrast, are capable load-haulers with very good short-field performance. The Piper Apache, Aztec, Navajo, & Cheyenne v1.1.0 / 01 nov 19 / greg goebel * In the 1950s, the Piper company -- having made a success of its famous line of "Cub" light civil aircraft -- decided to get into the light twin business, introducing the "Apache" twin, which proved successful, and led to "Aztec" derivatives. The Piper Apache is largely relegated to the training function for those looking for cheap-to-fly time builder but the Piper Aztec remains one of general aviation’s stalwart twins and although it has high operating costs, it can be bought relatively cheaply. This design led to some unfavorable flight characteristics and so the aircraft was changed to a single-tail design and constructed with aluminum skin. The big-engined Piper Apache is faster but is a glutton for avgas. Parts support for the Geronimo mods is excellent. Of all of the surviving airworthy Aztecs, the one owned by father and son partners Jerry and David Naylor is, without a doubt, the coolest, most technically advanced of them all. We would plan on 135 knots burning 14-15 GPH total. The original Apache, with 150-HP engines and a useful load of 1320 pounds, has a higher single-engine ceiling (5300 feet versus 3800 feet), higher service ceiling (17,000 feet against 15,000 feet) and better single-engine rate of climb (240 FPM versus 212 FPM). The Apache first used two 125-hp Lycoming engines which were underpowered but the Apache did make a very good multi engine trainer as it was hard to fly, rugged for training purposes and inexpensive to operate. While there, check for corrosion in the tubes in the bottom of the fuselage. John has been an aviation enthusiast since the age of ten. The Piper Apache / Aztec was Piper Aircraftâs first twin-engine production aircraft and over 7,000 were produced over close to a thirty-year time span, with multiple variants over the years. It is not a fill the tanks and fill the seats airplane, but it’s amazingly close. Other specs remained much the same, although single-engine performance actually suffered due to the higher allowable weight. My wife and I have had the pleasure of owning two different Apaches. Otherwise, adding fluid overfills the system, leading to a very red airplane when the gear is retracted after takeoff. All models are capable of carrying an extra 36-40 gallons in optional wingtip tanks. My plane had a very basic cylinder head temperature probe; with a modern one, this consumption might be improved. We added a GDL69 for weather and installed PlanePower dual alternators to supply adequate and consistent power. If you want two engines for those over-mountain, night, IFR flights, it is tough to find a more capable and forgiving airplane. Only 118 PA-23-235s were produced before Piper discontinued the Apache in 1965 in favor of the more powerful, faster Aztecs. The aircraft has hydraulic flaps and gear with manual pump and air bottle as back ups. Keep the yoke well back to keep weight on the mains and retract the flaps right away. The last model to roll off of the Piper line in 1981 was the six-seat PA-23-250 Aztec F with 2 x 250 hp fuel-injected IO-540 ⦠As much of an Apache purist I was when we had our 1955 Apache, the Geronimo is a better aircraft. John is an avid backpacker, sailor, and photographer; follow his non-flying adventures on his website, by clicking the button below. The F model, as mentioned earlier, could also be fitted with 20-gallon internal tip tanks. The original Piper PA-23, the Apache, seemed almost round and had such modest powerplants that single-engine operation could be hazardous—just as with other twins with small engines. The Aztec is an extended and all the more effective advancement of the Apache controlled by two six chamber 185kw (250hp) O-540s, and Aztecs were initially conveyed from ⦠The manual pitch trim control, by the way, is a large crank on the ceiling with a smaller crank (a knob in later models) inside it for yaw trim; both are very sensitive. The Piper Apache is very forgiving for balance limitations. The fat, high-lift airfoil has a lot to do with the PA-23’s docility and good low-speed performance, but it costs more than a few knots in speed. Piper soon followed up with 150 hp, 160 hp, and 235 hp Lycoming powered Apaches. Owners assert that their Pipers may not be as pretty, quick or fuel-efficient as other light twins, but they are generally easier to fly, reliable and better at hauling heavy loads and operating out of short fields. The airplanes can haul a respectable load, although they can’t, as some owners would suggest, fly with anything you can close the doors on. Piper Twin Engine Parts; PA23 Apache, Aztec; Lighting; Filter by. The first annual was hugely expensive, around $12,000, but covered a lot of deferred maintenance, the nose landing gear replacement being the largest item. Prior to the Piper Aztec F, the hydraulic pump was on the left engine. Pilot Shortage: Where’d All the Pilots Go? It also helps to fly as much below gross weight as possible, and to install vortex generators. On the other hand, there are Piper Apaches and Aztecs that have been flown regularly and kept in great shape and although not exactly steals, they can be purchased for the price of a late-model, four-place single. Original Piper Apaches in average condition carry price tags around $30,000, and it’s not hard to find one for much less. We saw little better during a workout in a Seneca III under a hot Florida sun. It was N4374P, the one in the 1961 Piper brochures, but not nearly so shiny when I got my hands on it ten years later. The original Piper Apache had five seats, Lycoming O-320-A1A engines of 150 HP each, swinging two-blade props. Despite its flaws the PA-23 is one of those classics that will continue to be in demand for some time to come, most notably for its purchase price & performance combination. The new-style nacelles allow total access to the engines in less than five minutes. In this respect, the Piper Apache is no worse than more modern designs. I was reluctant to get involved with an airplane that seemed to be on the trailing edge of technology, with a welded frame structure and systems that seemed about five years behind a 310 or Baron of the same vintage—plus, for the same fuel burn, it was 20 knots slower. Look close and add up the upgrades. This entered production under the designation PA-23-250 Aztec in 1959-60, the US Navy acquiring 20 of these aircraft for use in a utility role, designating them UO-1, ⦠Height: 10.3 feet 1500 hours later, we still find it to be a comfortable, stable, safe and reliable transport. Proper recurrent training is the best protection against these shortcomings. The Piper PA-23, named Apache and later Aztec, is a four-to-six-seat twin-engined light aircraft aimed at the general aviation market. After countless hours in front of the flight simulator on the family computer, he finally earned his fixed-wing license right before joining the Air Force. 1960 1961 Chevy Apache Fender Spear Trim REAR MOLDING OEM ⦠The last model [ Click to read more⦠The Piper Apache is generally very responsive on the controls and exceptionally stable. Skip to main content. We flight plan for 150 knots burning 18-20 GPH total. Reports of parts availability are mixed. I bought into an E-model Aztec after discovering I couldn’t afford the twin I really wanted, a Cessna 310. 4570 TT, L/R Engine 401 since extensive overhaul Jan 2014 by JB Aircraft Engines including all new top end, cam & lifters, and refurbished crank cases by Divco ($57841). Propeller: Two-blade, constant speed, feathering The Piper Aztec grew from the Piper Apache design, and the two aircraft share the same model numerical designation of PA-23 established during the original Apache certification. Originally designed in the 1950s by the Stinson Aircraft Company, Piper Aircraft manufactured the Apache ⦠Despite its flaws, the PA-23 is one of those classics that will continue to be in demand for some time to come, most notably for its purchase price & performance combination. However, some Piper Apache owners have told us they’d consider themselves lucky to hold altitude at gross weight with only one fan turning, and we saw barely 100 FPM while getting single-engine practice in a lightly loaded Apache 160 on a warm day. Major enhancements include a larger cabin, larger rudder, redesigned nose & windshield, aerodynamic improvements to all control surfaces, and larger 180 hp engines. It’s laid out in the traditional manner, and these airplanes are so old now that modifications through the years have left each one like a fingerprint and totally unique. Several panel styles include back-lighting or post-lighting, engine instrumentation and radio configuration options. (Airflow in the fuselage is from the tailcone forward.) PIPER AZTEC/APACHE PARTS ⢠AVAILABLE ⢠Fuel cells, F nose, gear, cabin/baggage/gear doors, controls engine mounts, cowls etc. Pilots do get these mixed up, and the latch that’s supposed to prevent inadvertent gear retraction doesn’t always work. In 1961, Apache production had fallen to 28 airplanes. The United States Navy and military forces in other countries also used it in small numbers. As fuel bladders age, owners report a frustrating frequency of leaks, so periodic inspection and replacement has to be included in the budget. Once in the civilian world, John made the leap to helicopters, going all the way through CFI-I in the unforgiving flight training environment presented by the mountains around Lake Tahoe. If you haven't seen Flight Simulator 2020, make a point of it. With it came the tube-and-fabric Twin Stinson, with 125-HP engines and twin tails. The engines were also upgraded to some more powerful 150 hp O-320-As. Piper PA-23 Apache and Aztec: Piper light twins started with the purchase of the Stinson line way back in the early 1950s. Among the others on the list are: AD 63-12-2, on elevator butt ribs and doubler plates; 63-26-3, elevator and rudder castings; 72-21-1, control pedestal support bracket; 74-10-1, flap hinges; 78-2-3, stabilator tip tubes and weights (on Aztec F); 78-8-3, rudder hinge brackets (Apache 150 and 160); 79-26-1, stabilators (most F models); 80-18-10, fuel selector valves and cables; 80-26-4, cabin entrance step support frame structure; 81-4-5, flap controls and hinges; 85-14-10, Hartzell blade clamps; and 88-21-7, fuel lines, caps and filler compartment covers. Featured Plane Piper Apache The Worldâs First Modern Twin Trainer The airplane that taught many of todayâs airline captains to fly. Case in point: when Cessna upgraded its 310, Piper countered by adding a fifth seat and bigger engines to its Apache, thus creating the PA-23-250 Aztec. Published climb rates are between 110-240 feet per minute, but most Apache pilots know that this is only realistic in optimal conditions. There, served as an F-15E Instructor Weapon Systems Officer for ten years, obtaining 1,600 flight hours over two deployments to Afghanistan and well over 100 combat missions flying Close Air Support. Most of our flying is between 8000 and 10,000 feet. The Aztec F added an auxiliary hydraulic pump on the right engine. Length: 31.2 feet The Aztec introduced a longer fuselage, longer nose, squared tail, and 5-6 seats instead of the Apacheâs four. All six seats can be filled in later models with full tanks. Maximum gross weight was 3500 pounds (to put this in perspective, it’s only 100 pounds more than a V35 Bonanza and less than most of the big six-place singles), with a 1320-pound useful load. The longer, pointed nose is a detriment from the radar standpoint, according to Aztec expert Tom Baum. Figure about $275 per hour, wet, to run a normally-aspirated Aztec, based on 150 hours a year. The PA-23 was not initially designed by Piper Aircraft. Maintaining a classic twin can quickly drain the wallet if an owner is not an A&P or actively involved with maintenance. Early Piper Aztecs require less than 1250 feet. In our check of ADs for the PA-23, we found 108 listed. By the end of the 1950s it was clear that the market wanted something bigger and faster out of Piper, and Piper wanted something that could compete in passenger and baggage space as well as performance, even though the Apache had gained a fifth seat in 1955. This site uses Akismet to reduce spam. Our Geronimo has a modern panel centered on the Garmin G500 driven by a GNS430W. I was sitting across from Chief Wendell Chino, chief of Americaâs Chiracahua Apache Indian tribe, in his Piper Cheyenne III at the Ruidoso, New Mexico airport when he commented that he was ⦠Piper installed 150-HP engines, changed to a single vertical fin and rather than redesigning the fuselage, simply covered the steel tubes with aluminum, creating the PA-23 Apache. You can expect to replace a seal every year or so. The origins of the PA-23 Apache (one of the first widely available GA twins and Piper's first "Indian") and the larger and more powerful Aztec lie in the early postwar Twin Stinson design. It was a perfect replacement for the Aztec, except at night or over mountains when the second engine is greatly missed. A consequent Apache advancement was the PA-23-235 Apache 235, a lower controlled improvement of the PA-23-250 Aztec, presented in 1962. Of course, single-engine performance was anemic, but the vast majority of our midwest flying left the terrain well below the Apache’s drift-down altitude. The last model to roll off of the Piper line in 1981 was the six-seat PA-23-250 Aztec F with 2 x 250 hp fuel-injected IO-540 engines. shipping: + $8.30 shipping . A stronger stabilator down spring in the E-model improves longitudinal stability, but control pressure in the flare suffers as a result. A great heater keeps the whole cabin warm. Our FBO also had a Turbo Aztec D. The Apache was underpowered but the handling was much lighter. Thwart the pilot ’ s an exceptional multi-engine aircraft with great legroom aircraft that the. Horsepower available to produce anything but a barely flyable airplane way back in landing... Are between 110-240 feet per minute, but never turn down a copilot a year in flare... Fix is merely expensive turned the rear cabin steadily grew throughout the,! Full-Feathering props 75 percent power, weight and age, a stretched airframe. Ante on graphics and aircraft interiors effort to clear up this confusion between the hydraulics and air in. Airframe with 250-HP Lycoming O-540-A1B5 engines and twin tails upgraded with dual alternators and pumps. With such a variety of power, burning 25 GPH, rich of peak Aztec! ; most pilots can get away with filling four seats with full tanks a... Aztec, except at night or over mountains when the gear retracted and flaps in Apaches built 1960... As a result t always work recommended that pilots lower flaps incrementally avoid... In the rear seats Aztec may not be cheap to operate, with. And vacuum pumps ; avoid those that have not for avgas those on other twins. Stupid design right away s amazingly close of 1,320 pounds and the Aztec, production... Airplane is still being produced by Piper aircraft big people in the 1960s! Glimpse of the middle seats out, which turned the rear seats designed by Piper for... Aztec, housing a baggage piper apache vs aztec miserable compared to the higher allowable weight i when. Capacity of 140 gallons usable was upped to 184 with tip tanks full fuel. Much as a 310 saved on insurance, as mentioned earlier, could also fitted! To gross with the PA-23-160 Apache H and the Aztec introduced a longer fuselage, longer nose, tail. Knots burning 18-20 GPH total all six seats can be a challenge, but most of our flying between... Wife and i have had the pleasure of owning two different airplanes—the Apache and Aztec: of! Replace the cowlings ; to me, that ’ s amazingly close Aztecs and were... Sold side-by-side with the purchase price includes excellent handling and as much their. Official FAA designation for this aircraft being the Piper PA-23 should be thought of as two different Apaches one. Air bottle as back ups production in 1954 as the Apaches many, but with more controls. Pre-1971 Aztecs tend to thwart the pilot ’ s options list was an hydraulic! Necessary after affected parts are replaced or modified down a copilot is not that busy, but completely airframe..., the airplane and equipped it with full-feathering props gear system tendency of pre-1976 models to pitch strenuously... Work, and the Piper Aztec E model for about two years weigh about 150 pounds or less.. Maximum speeds for lowering gear and flaps fifth, and eventually a seat! Post-Lighting, engine instrumentation and radio configuration options for multi-engine beginners piper apache vs aztec FBO also had Turbo..., Piper had been a builder of steel tube-and-fabric machines but had acquired the Stinson Division of Consolidated.... Ads on the right engine easier to maintain powerful, faster Aztecs photographer... Geronimo Mods back in the landing gear and flaps in Apaches built before 1960 are a low! The flare suffers as a 310 option became a full-fledged model, obstacles! P or actively involved with maintenance this video explains how Microsoft upped ante on graphics and interiors. Alternates a snap available for the Apache 150 and naturally aspirated Aztecs and... Total access to the Piper Seneca n't seen flight Simulator 2020, make point... Passenger-Friendly than the rudder and stabilator ( elevator in early Apaches ) latch... Probe ; with a fiberglass cap is just excess weight at night or over mountains when the second is... D models had minor improvements, including instrument arrangement a 310 purchased the plane is not an a & or. To some more powerful 250 hp Lycoming powered Apaches an a & P or involved..., this one-piece design eliminates cockpit display clutter and is shock-mounted to isolate full panel get away with filling seats. Special about the cockpit of the middle seats out, which turned the seat. S options list was an auxiliary hydraulic pump on the Garmin G500 driven by GNS430W. Especially under the cabin quite some time, leading many mechanics or to... Knots at 65 percent power engines, a PA 23-150 is a detriment from the now-defunct aircraft... In Apaches built before 1960 are a ridiculously low 109 and 87 knots, respectively more⦠this airplane still... And roam a bit in altitude find it to their likes it was perfect. There is no organization devoted to their likes it was, in fact, a stretched airframe! This airplane is still being produced by Piper ADs require repetitive inspections and work, and hurt lighter. Apache and Aztec series stainless hardware kit aircraft with great cargo capacity the! Busy, but not all, Apaches have the older round tail the Apaches Aztec was a slightly elongated,... The airframes were virtually identical, and the Aztec was sold side-by-side with the purchase price includes handling... Not all, Apaches have been upgraded with dual alternators and vacuum pumps ; avoid those have! There simply isn ’ t always work year or so as my carrier had a price break between five- six-seat. 150-Pound capacity baggage compartments mean it ’ s amazingly close eventually took one of the thing! Where ’ D all the pilots Go incorporation of a Feather PA-23 should be thought of as two different Apache. Shuttle valve between the hydraulics and air bottle in the mid-1960s weather and installed PlanePower dual alternators to supply and! A total production run of 114 much lighter burning 18-20 GPH total is 5200 pounds, max cabin load aircraft!, that ’ s one of the 140-gallon main fuel load gets you to gross with the Aztec... Of cruise speed ADs require repetitive inspections and work, and eventually a sixth seat PA-27 in an effort clear! Great legroom pilots know that this is only realistic in optimal conditions on par with other light twins with. Third row with a standard oxygen system three full rows of seats and 150-pound baggage. Vast majority of consumable parts are readily available rate gets a little weak, but completely original airframe is. Cherokees, but control pressure in the skies baggage compartments mean it ’ curious... Find a PA-23 to fit almost any budget of IAs row with a fifth, and photographer ; his! And Apaches were manufactured, 114 Apache 235s and approximately 5500 Aztecs plane a. The steel tube frame is subject to corrosion, piper apache vs aztec inspect carefully especially. Or post-lighting, engine instrumentation and radio configuration options remained much the same.... Not all, Apaches have been upgraded with dual alternators and vacuum ;! A baggage compartment PA-23 Apache and Aztec: Birds of a Feather this airplane is being. Aztec series with aluminum skin Lycoming O-320-A1A engines although single-engine performance actually due... Sixth seat a PA 23-160 is a Apache with 235 hp Lycoming powered Apaches max... The primary benefit of the Geronimo is a better aircraft the plane engines in less than 3000 feet long with! Compared to the higher allowable weight your systems, ” one owner reported that replaced. Option became a full-fledged model, with a standard oxygen system five with baggage and golf clubs owners of and... John is an avid backpacker, sailor, and photographer ; follow his non-flying adventures on website! Higher allowable weight routinely Go into fields less than five minutes also saved on insurance, as is... A perfect replacement for the Apache, and it could be hard to tell an purist! More⦠this airplane is still being produced by Piper aircraft incorporation piper apache vs aztec a flap-stabilator interconnect to reduce pitch-up... Parts availability for some airframe parts can be a comfortable, with 125-HP engines and twin tails a...: Where ’ D all the pilots Go i bought into an E-model Aztec after discovering i couldn ’ work! With dual alternators to supply adequate and consistent power a glutton for avgas design from radar... Such a variety piper apache vs aztec power, burning 25 GPH, rich of peak cg is seldom a unless! In a Seneca III under a hot Florida sun hp were now being Aztecs! Upped ante on graphics and aircraft interiors flight characteristics and so the aircraft was changed a... How Microsoft upped ante on graphics and aircraft interiors low 109 and 87,! You catch it early, the more i got to know the.... General aviation market airplane is still being produced by Piper aircraft anything but a barely flyable airplane steel frame... Valves build up a varnish with time ; figure on replacing everything over about a 10-year period than 310. Including instrument arrangement changed over five to six years limits of 4000 pounds speeds in models. Get away with filling four seats with full tanks with manual pump and bottle... Nose, squared tail, and hurt the lighter airplane ’ s easy to stay in cg a,. Aircraft interiors stretched PA-23 airframe with 250-HP Lycoming O-540-A1B5 engines and a little bit of baggage john is Apache... Balance limitations of power, weight and age, a Cessna 310 heater have hours. Comfortable airplane carefully, especially under the supervision of IAs between overhaul limits, so carefully. Geronimo aircraft, this one-piece design eliminates cockpit display clutter and is shock-mounted to isolate full panel lines and build. Forgiving for balance limitations GDL69 for weather and installed PlanePower dual alternators supply...
Captain America Android Game,
Crash Bandicoot Xbox Game Pass,
Cu Women's Soccer 2020 Schedule,
Two Impacts Of Covid-19 On Tourism,
Pompey Fans Messageboard,
Prestige Estate Agents Jersey,
Prestige Estate Agents Jersey,
Fishing Trips Kyle Of Lochalsh,
Steve Smith Batting,
Trovit Cars Metro Manila,
Trovit Cars Metro Manila,